月季花(hua)(hua):是常(chang)(chang)绿、半常(chang)(chang)绿低矮(ai)灌(guan)木,四(si)季开花(hua)(hua)﹐一般为红色(se)(se)(se)﹐或(huo)粉(fen)色(se)(se)(se)、偶有(you)白色(se)(se)(se)和(he)黄色(se)(se)(se)﹐可(ke)作为观赏植(zhi)(zhi)物,亦称月季。有(you)三个自然变种,现(xian)代月季花(hua)(hua)型(xing)多样,有(you)单瓣和(he)重瓣,还有(you)高心卷边等优美(mei)花(hua)(hua)型(xing);其色(se)(se)(se)彩艳(yan)丽、丰富,不仅有(you)红、粉(fen)黄、白等单色(se)(se)(se),还有(you)混色(se)(se)(se)、银边等品种;多数(shu)品种有(you)芳香。自然花(hua)(hua)期8月到(dao)次年4月,花(hua)(hua)成大(da)型(xing),由内向外,呈发散型(xing),有(you)浓(nong)郁香气,可(ke)用于(yu)园艺栽培和(he)切花(hua)(hua)。月季的适应性强(qiang),耐寒、抗旱(han),不论地(di)栽、盆栽均可(ke),适用于(yu)美(mei)化(hua)庭院(yuan)、装点(dian)园林(lin)、布置花(hua)(hua)坛、配植(zhi)(zhi)花(hua)(hua)篱(li)、花(hua)(hua)架,月季栽培容(rong)易(yi),可(ke)作切花(hua)(hua),用于(yu)做花(hua)(hua)束和(he)各种花(hua)(hua)篮。
形态特征
月季(ji)花(hua)是直立灌木,高1-2米;小(xiao)枝粗壮,圆柱形(xing),近(jin)(jin)无(wu)毛,有(you)短(duan)粗的钩(gou)状皮(pi)刺。小(xiao)叶(ye)(ye)3-5,稀(xi)7,连叶(ye)(ye)柄(bing)长(zhang)5-11厘(li)(li)米,小(xiao)叶(ye)(ye)片(pian)(pian)宽(kuan)卵形(xing)至(zhi)卵状长(zhang)圆形(xing),长(zhang)2.5-6厘(li)(li)米,宽(kuan)1-3厘(li)(li)米,先端长(zhang)渐(jian)尖或渐(jian)尖,基部(bu)近(jin)(jin)圆形(xing)或宽(kuan)楔形(xing),边缘有(you)锐锯(ju)齿(chi),两面(mian)近(jin)(jin)无(wu)毛,上面(mian)暗绿色(se),常(chang)带(dai)光泽,下(xia)面(mian)颜(yan)色(se)较(jiao)浅(qian),顶生(sheng)(sheng)小(xiao)叶(ye)(ye)片(pian)(pian)有(you)柄(bing),侧生(sheng)(sheng)小(xiao)叶(ye)(ye)片(pian)(pian)近(jin)(jin)无(wu)柄(bing),总叶(ye)(ye)柄(bing)较(jiao)长(zhang),有(you)散生(sheng)(sheng)皮(pi)刺和(he)腺毛;托叶(ye)(ye)大部(bu)贴生(sheng)(sheng)于叶(ye)(ye)柄(bing),仅顶端分离(li)部(bu)分成耳状,边缘常(chang)有(you)腺毛。 [4] 花(hua)几(ji)朵集生(sheng)(sheng),稀(xi)单生(sheng)(sheng),直径4-5厘(li)(li)米;花(hua)梗长(zhang)2.5-6厘(li)(li)米,近(jin)(jin)无(wu)毛或有(you)腺毛,萼片(pian)(pian)卵形(xing),先端尾状渐(jian)尖,有(you)时呈叶(ye)(ye)状,边缘常(chang)有(you)羽状裂片(pian)(pian),稀(xi)全缘,外面(mian)无(wu)毛,内面(mian)密被长(zhang)柔毛;花(hua)瓣重(zhong)瓣至(zhi)半重(zhong)瓣,红色(se)、粉(fen)红色(se)至(zhi)白(bai)色(se),倒(dao)卵形(xing),先端有(you)凹(ao)缺,基部(bu)楔形(xing);花(hua)柱离(li)生(sheng)(sheng),伸出(chu)萼筒口外,约与雄蕊等长(zhang)。果卵球形(xing)或梨(li)形(xing),长(zhang)1-2厘(li)(li)米,红色(se),萼片(pian)(pian)脱落。花(hua)期4-9月,果期6-11月。